HOME / sodium ion vs lithium ion batteries differences and applications in
The main advantages of products using sodium-ion batteries are: Sodium is abundant in seawater and rock salt layers, making it easier to obtain than lithium. As a result, sodium-ion batteries are expected to facilitate resource acquisition and reduce battery production costs. Another significant advantage is their wide operating temperature range.
According to BloombergNEF, by 2030, sodium-ion batteries could account for 23% of the stationary storage market, which would translate into more than 50 GWh. But that forecast could be exceeded if technology improvements accelerate and manufacturing advances are made using similar or the same equipment as for lithium batteries.
Sodium technology therefore benefits from all the economies of scale and knowledge from lithium (retrofitting an existing lithium plant to sodium-ion technology could require only 10 % additional capital expenditure). Research suggests that sodium-ion batteries will be able to meet the growing demands for energy storage in a sustainable way.
Sodium ion technology is an increasingly real alternative for electric mobility. Sodium-ion batteries can maximise asset utilisation in industry and minimise operating costs. The lithium battery research activity driven in recent years has benefited the development of sodium-ion batteries.
Lithium iron phosphate modules, each 700 Ah, 3.25 V. Two modules are wired in parallel to create a single 3.25 V 1400 Ah battery pack with a capacity of 4.55 kWh. Volumetric energy density = 220 Wh / L (790 kJ/L) Gravimetric energy density > 90 Wh/kg (> 320 J/g).
Multiple lithium iron phosphate modules are wired in series and parallel to create a 2800 Ah 52 V battery module. Total battery capacity is 145.6 kWh. Note the large, solid tinned copper busbar connecting the modules. This busbar is rated for 700 amps DC to accommodate the high currents generated in this 48 volt DC system.
Negative electrodes (anode, on discharge) made of petroleum coke were used in early lithium-ion batteries; later types used natural or synthetic graphite. Multiple lithium iron phosphate modules are wired in series and parallel to create a 2800 Ah 52 V battery module. Total battery capacity is 145.6 kWh.
Lithium-iron phosphate batteries officially surpassed ternary batteries in 2021, accounting for 52% of installed capacity. Analysts estimate that its market share will exceed 60% in 2024. The first vehicle to use LFP batteries was the Chevrolet Spark EV in 2014. A123 Systems made the batteries.
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